Documentation / git-notes.txton commit notes: correct documentation of DWIMery for notes references (e14c92e)
   1git-notes(1)
   2============
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-notes - Add or inspect object notes
   7
   8SYNOPSIS
   9--------
  10[verse]
  11'git notes' [list [<object>]]
  12'git notes' add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-F <file> | -m <msg> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]
  13'git notes' copy [-f] ( --stdin | <from-object> <to-object> )
  14'git notes' append [--allow-empty] [-F <file> | -m <msg> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]
  15'git notes' edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]
  16'git notes' show [<object>]
  17'git notes' merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes-ref>
  18'git notes' merge --commit [-v | -q]
  19'git notes' merge --abort [-v | -q]
  20'git notes' remove [--ignore-missing] [--stdin] [<object>...]
  21'git notes' prune [-n | -v]
  22'git notes' get-ref
  23
  24
  25DESCRIPTION
  26-----------
  27Adds, removes, or reads notes attached to objects, without touching
  28the objects themselves.
  29
  30By default, notes are saved to and read from `refs/notes/commits`, but
  31this default can be overridden.  See the OPTIONS, CONFIGURATION, and
  32ENVIRONMENT sections below.  If this ref does not exist, it will be
  33quietly created when it is first needed to store a note.
  34
  35A typical use of notes is to supplement a commit message without
  36changing the commit itself. Notes can be shown by 'git log' along with
  37the original commit message. To distinguish these notes from the
  38message stored in the commit object, the notes are indented like the
  39message, after an unindented line saying "Notes (<refname>):" (or
  40"Notes:" for `refs/notes/commits`).
  41
  42Notes can also be added to patches prepared with `git format-patch` by
  43using the `--notes` option. Such notes are added as a patch commentary
  44after a three dash separator line.
  45
  46To change which notes are shown by 'git log', see the
  47"notes.displayRef" configuration in linkgit:git-log[1].
  48
  49See the "notes.rewrite.<command>" configuration for a way to carry
  50notes across commands that rewrite commits.
  51
  52
  53SUBCOMMANDS
  54-----------
  55
  56list::
  57        List the notes object for a given object. If no object is
  58        given, show a list of all note objects and the objects they
  59        annotate (in the format "<note object> <annotated object>").
  60        This is the default subcommand if no subcommand is given.
  61
  62add::
  63        Add notes for a given object (defaults to HEAD). Abort if the
  64        object already has notes (use `-f` to overwrite existing notes).
  65        However, if you're using `add` interactively (using an editor
  66        to supply the notes contents), then - instead of aborting -
  67        the existing notes will be opened in the editor (like the `edit`
  68        subcommand).
  69
  70copy::
  71        Copy the notes for the first object onto the second object.
  72        Abort if the second object already has notes, or if the first
  73        object has none (use -f to overwrite existing notes to the
  74        second object). This subcommand is equivalent to:
  75        `git notes add [-f] -C $(git notes list <from-object>) <to-object>`
  76+
  77In `--stdin` mode, take lines in the format
  78+
  79----------
  80<from-object> SP <to-object> [ SP <rest> ] LF
  81----------
  82+
  83on standard input, and copy the notes from each <from-object> to its
  84corresponding <to-object>.  (The optional `<rest>` is ignored so that
  85the command can read the input given to the `post-rewrite` hook.)
  86
  87append::
  88        Append to the notes of an existing object (defaults to HEAD).
  89        Creates a new notes object if needed.
  90
  91edit::
  92        Edit the notes for a given object (defaults to HEAD).
  93
  94show::
  95        Show the notes for a given object (defaults to HEAD).
  96
  97merge::
  98        Merge the given notes ref into the current notes ref.
  99        This will try to merge the changes made by the given
 100        notes ref (called "remote") since the merge-base (if
 101        any) into the current notes ref (called "local").
 102+
 103If conflicts arise and a strategy for automatically resolving
 104conflicting notes (see the -s/--strategy option) is not given,
 105the "manual" resolver is used. This resolver checks out the
 106conflicting notes in a special worktree (`.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE`),
 107and instructs the user to manually resolve the conflicts there.
 108When done, the user can either finalize the merge with
 109'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with
 110'git notes merge --abort'.
 111
 112remove::
 113        Remove the notes for given objects (defaults to HEAD). When
 114        giving zero or one object from the command line, this is
 115        equivalent to specifying an empty note message to
 116        the `edit` subcommand.
 117
 118prune::
 119        Remove all notes for non-existing/unreachable objects.
 120
 121get-ref::
 122        Print the current notes ref. This provides an easy way to
 123        retrieve the current notes ref (e.g. from scripts).
 124
 125OPTIONS
 126-------
 127-f::
 128--force::
 129        When adding notes to an object that already has notes,
 130        overwrite the existing notes (instead of aborting).
 131
 132-m <msg>::
 133--message=<msg>::
 134        Use the given note message (instead of prompting).
 135        If multiple `-m` options are given, their values
 136        are concatenated as separate paragraphs.
 137        Lines starting with `#` and empty lines other than a
 138        single line between paragraphs will be stripped out.
 139
 140-F <file>::
 141--file=<file>::
 142        Take the note message from the given file.  Use '-' to
 143        read the note message from the standard input.
 144        Lines starting with `#` and empty lines other than a
 145        single line between paragraphs will be stripped out.
 146
 147-C <object>::
 148--reuse-message=<object>::
 149        Take the given blob object (for example, another note) as the
 150        note message. (Use `git notes copy <object>` instead to
 151        copy notes between objects.)
 152
 153-c <object>::
 154--reedit-message=<object>::
 155        Like '-C', but with '-c' the editor is invoked, so that
 156        the user can further edit the note message.
 157
 158--allow-empty::
 159        Allow an empty note object to be stored. The default behavior is
 160        to automatically remove empty notes.
 161
 162--ref <ref>::
 163        Manipulate the notes tree in <ref>.  This overrides
 164        'GIT_NOTES_REF' and the "core.notesRef" configuration.  The ref
 165        specifies the full refname when it begins with `refs/notes/`; when it
 166        begins with `notes/`, `refs/` and otherwise `refs/notes/` is prefixed
 167        to form a full name of the ref.
 168
 169--ignore-missing::
 170        Do not consider it an error to request removing notes from an
 171        object that does not have notes attached to it.
 172
 173--stdin::
 174        Also read the object names to remove notes from from the standard
 175        input (there is no reason you cannot combine this with object
 176        names from the command line).
 177
 178-n::
 179--dry-run::
 180        Do not remove anything; just report the object names whose notes
 181        would be removed.
 182
 183-s <strategy>::
 184--strategy=<strategy>::
 185        When merging notes, resolve notes conflicts using the given
 186        strategy. The following strategies are recognized: "manual"
 187        (default), "ours", "theirs", "union" and "cat_sort_uniq".
 188        See the "NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES" section below for more
 189        information on each notes merge strategy.
 190
 191--commit::
 192        Finalize an in-progress 'git notes merge'. Use this option
 193        when you have resolved the conflicts that 'git notes merge'
 194        stored in .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE. This amends the partial
 195        merge commit created by 'git notes merge' (stored in
 196        .git/NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL) by adding the notes in
 197        .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE. The notes ref stored in the
 198        .git/NOTES_MERGE_REF symref is updated to the resulting commit.
 199
 200--abort::
 201        Abort/reset a in-progress 'git notes merge', i.e. a notes merge
 202        with conflicts. This simply removes all files related to the
 203        notes merge.
 204
 205-q::
 206--quiet::
 207        When merging notes, operate quietly.
 208
 209-v::
 210--verbose::
 211        When merging notes, be more verbose.
 212        When pruning notes, report all object names whose notes are
 213        removed.
 214
 215
 216DISCUSSION
 217----------
 218
 219Commit notes are blobs containing extra information about an object
 220(usually information to supplement a commit's message).  These blobs
 221are taken from notes refs.  A notes ref is usually a branch which
 222contains "files" whose paths are the object names for the objects
 223they describe, with some directory separators included for performance
 224reasons footnote:[Permitted pathnames have the form
 225'ab'`/`'cd'`/`'ef'`/`'...'`/`'abcdef...': a sequence of directory
 226names of two hexadecimal digits each followed by a filename with the
 227rest of the object ID.].
 228
 229Every notes change creates a new commit at the specified notes ref.
 230You can therefore inspect the history of the notes by invoking, e.g.,
 231`git log -p notes/commits`.  Currently the commit message only records
 232which operation triggered the update, and the commit authorship is
 233determined according to the usual rules (see linkgit:git-commit[1]).
 234These details may change in the future.
 235
 236It is also permitted for a notes ref to point directly to a tree
 237object, in which case the history of the notes can be read with
 238`git log -p -g <refname>`.
 239
 240
 241NOTES MERGE STRATEGIES
 242----------------------
 243
 244The default notes merge strategy is "manual", which checks out
 245conflicting notes in a special work tree for resolving notes conflicts
 246(`.git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE`), and instructs the user to resolve the
 247conflicts in that work tree.
 248When done, the user can either finalize the merge with
 249'git notes merge --commit', or abort the merge with
 250'git notes merge --abort'.
 251
 252"ours" automatically resolves conflicting notes in favor of the local
 253version (i.e. the current notes ref).
 254
 255"theirs" automatically resolves notes conflicts in favor of the remote
 256version (i.e. the given notes ref being merged into the current notes
 257ref).
 258
 259"union" automatically resolves notes conflicts by concatenating the
 260local and remote versions.
 261
 262"cat_sort_uniq" is similar to "union", but in addition to concatenating
 263the local and remote versions, this strategy also sorts the resulting
 264lines, and removes duplicate lines from the result. This is equivalent
 265to applying the "cat | sort | uniq" shell pipeline to the local and
 266remote versions. This strategy is useful if the notes follow a line-based
 267format where one wants to avoid duplicated lines in the merge result.
 268Note that if either the local or remote version contain duplicate lines
 269prior to the merge, these will also be removed by this notes merge
 270strategy.
 271
 272
 273EXAMPLES
 274--------
 275
 276You can use notes to add annotations with information that was not
 277available at the time a commit was written.
 278
 279------------
 280$ git notes add -m 'Tested-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>' 72a144e2
 281$ git show -s 72a144e
 282[...]
 283    Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 284
 285Notes:
 286    Tested-by: Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org>
 287------------
 288
 289In principle, a note is a regular Git blob, and any kind of
 290(non-)format is accepted.  You can binary-safely create notes from
 291arbitrary files using 'git hash-object':
 292
 293------------
 294$ cc *.c
 295$ blob=$(git hash-object -w a.out)
 296$ git notes --ref=built add --allow-empty -C "$blob" HEAD
 297------------
 298
 299(You cannot simply use `git notes --ref=built add -F a.out HEAD`
 300because that is not binary-safe.)
 301Of course, it doesn't make much sense to display non-text-format notes
 302with 'git log', so if you use such notes, you'll probably need to write
 303some special-purpose tools to do something useful with them.
 304
 305
 306CONFIGURATION
 307-------------
 308
 309core.notesRef::
 310        Notes ref to read and manipulate instead of
 311        `refs/notes/commits`.  Must be an unabbreviated ref name.
 312        This setting can be overridden through the environment and
 313        command line.
 314
 315notes.displayRef::
 316        Which ref (or refs, if a glob or specified more than once), in
 317        addition to the default set by `core.notesRef` or
 318        'GIT_NOTES_REF', to read notes from when showing commit
 319        messages with the 'git log' family of commands.
 320        This setting can be overridden on the command line or by the
 321        'GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF' environment variable.
 322        See linkgit:git-log[1].
 323
 324notes.rewrite.<command>::
 325        When rewriting commits with <command> (currently `amend` or
 326        `rebase`), if this variable is `false`, git will not copy
 327        notes from the original to the rewritten commit.  Defaults to
 328        `true`.  See also "`notes.rewriteRef`" below.
 329+
 330This setting can be overridden by the 'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF'
 331environment variable.
 332
 333notes.rewriteMode::
 334        When copying notes during a rewrite, what to do if the target
 335        commit already has a note.  Must be one of `overwrite`,
 336        `concatenate`, and `ignore`.  Defaults to `concatenate`.
 337+
 338This setting can be overridden with the `GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE`
 339environment variable.
 340
 341notes.rewriteRef::
 342        When copying notes during a rewrite, specifies the (fully
 343        qualified) ref whose notes should be copied.  May be a glob,
 344        in which case notes in all matching refs will be copied.  You
 345        may also specify this configuration several times.
 346+
 347Does not have a default value; you must configure this variable to
 348enable note rewriting.
 349+
 350Can be overridden with the 'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF' environment variable.
 351
 352
 353ENVIRONMENT
 354-----------
 355
 356'GIT_NOTES_REF'::
 357        Which ref to manipulate notes from, instead of `refs/notes/commits`.
 358        This overrides the `core.notesRef` setting.
 359
 360'GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF'::
 361        Colon-delimited list of refs or globs indicating which refs,
 362        in addition to the default from `core.notesRef` or
 363        'GIT_NOTES_REF', to read notes from when showing commit
 364        messages.
 365        This overrides the `notes.displayRef` setting.
 366+
 367A warning will be issued for refs that do not exist, but a glob that
 368does not match any refs is silently ignored.
 369
 370'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE'::
 371        When copying notes during a rewrite, what to do if the target
 372        commit already has a note.
 373        Must be one of `overwrite`, `concatenate`, and `ignore`.
 374        This overrides the `core.rewriteMode` setting.
 375
 376'GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF'::
 377        When rewriting commits, which notes to copy from the original
 378        to the rewritten commit.  Must be a colon-delimited list of
 379        refs or globs.
 380+
 381If not set in the environment, the list of notes to copy depends
 382on the `notes.rewrite.<command>` and `notes.rewriteRef` settings.
 383
 384GIT
 385---
 386Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite