1Git 2.14 Release Notes 2====================== 3 4Backward compatibility notes. 5 6 * Use of an empty string as a pathspec element that is used for 7 'everything matches' is still warned and Git asks users to use a 8 more explicit '.' for that instead. The hope is that existing 9 users will not mind this change, and eventually the warning can be 10 turned into a hard error, upgrading the deprecation into removal of 11 this (mis)feature. That is not scheduled to happen in the upcoming 12 release (yet). 13 14 * Git now avoids blindly falling back to ".git" when the setup 15 sequence said we are _not_ in Git repository. A corner case that 16 happens to work right now may be broken by a call to die("BUG"). 17 We've tried hard to locate such cases and fixed them, but there 18 might still be cases that need to be addressed--bug reports are 19 greatly appreciated. 20 21 * The experiment to improve the hunk-boundary selection of textual 22 diff output has finished, and the "indent heuristics" has now 23 become the default. 24 25 26Updates since v2.13 27------------------- 28 29UI, Workflows & Features 30 31 * The colors in which "git status --short --branch" showed the names 32 of the current branch and its remote-tracking branch are now 33 configurable. 34 35 * "git clone" learned the "--no-tags" option not to fetch all tags 36 initially, and also set up the tagopt not to follow any tags in 37 subsequent fetches. 38 39 * "git archive --format=zip" learned to use zip64 extension when 40 necessary to go beyond the 4GB limit. 41 42 * "git reset" learned "--recurse-submodules" option. 43 44 * "git diff --submodule=diff" now recurses into nested submodules. 45 46 * "git repack" learned to accept the --threads=<n> option and pass it 47 to pack-objects. 48 49 * "git send-email" learned to run sendemail-validate hook to inspect 50 and reject a message before sending it out. 51 52 * There is no good reason why "git fetch $there $sha1" should fail 53 when the $sha1 names an object at the tip of an advertised ref, 54 even when the other side hasn't enabled allowTipSHA1InWant. 55 56 * The recently introduced "[includeIf "gitdir:$dir"] path=..." 57 mechansim has further been taught to take symlinks into account. 58 The directory "$dir" specified in "gitdir:$dir" may be a symlink to 59 a real location, not something that $(getcwd) may return. In such 60 a case, a realpath of "$dir" is compared with the real path of the 61 current repository to determine if the contents from the named path 62 should be included. 63 64 * Make the "indent" heuristics the default in "diff" and diff.indentHeuristics 65 configuration variable an escape hatch for those who do no want it. 66 67 * Many commands learned to pay attention to submodule.recurse 68 configuration. 69 70 * The convention for a command line is to follow "git cmdname 71 --options" with revisions followed by an optional "--" 72 disambiguator and then finally pathspecs. When "--" is not there, 73 we make sure early ones are all interpretable as revs (and do not 74 look like paths) and later ones are the other way around. A 75 pathspec with "magic" (e.g. ":/p/a/t/h" that matches p/a/t/h from 76 the top-level of the working tree, no matter what subdirectory you 77 are working from) are conservatively judged as "not a path", which 78 required disambiguation more often. The command line parser 79 learned to say "it's a pathspec" a bit more often when the syntax 80 looks like so. 81 82 * Update "perl-compatible regular expression" support to enable JIT 83 and also allow linking with the newer PCRE v2 library. 84 85 * "filter-branch" learned a pseudo filter "--setup" that can be used 86 to define a common function/variable that can be used by other 87 filters. 88 89 * Using "git add d/i/r" when d/i/r is the top of the working tree of 90 a separate repository would create a gitlink in the index, which 91 would appear as a not-quite-initialized submodule to others. We 92 learned to give warnings when this happens. 93 94 95Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. 96 97 * The default packed-git limit value has been raised on larger 98 platforms to save "git fetch" from a (recoverable) failure while 99 "gc" is running in parallel. 100 101 * Code to update the cache-tree has been tightened so that we won't 102 accidentally write out any 0{40} entry in the tree object. 103 104 * Attempt to allow us notice "fishy" situation where we fail to 105 remove the temporary directory used during the test. 106 107 * Travis CI gained a task to format the documentation with both 108 AsciiDoc and AsciiDoctor. 109 110 * Some platforms have ulong that is smaller than time_t, and our 111 historical use of ulong for timestamp would mean they cannot 112 represent some timestamp that the platform allows. Invent a 113 separate and dedicated timestamp_t (so that we can distingiuish 114 timestamps and a vanilla ulongs, which along is already a good 115 move), and then declare uintmax_t is the type to be used as the 116 timestamp_t. 117 118 * We can trigger Windows auto-build tester (credits: Dscho & 119 Microsoft) from our existing Travis CI tester now. 120 121 * Conversion from uchar[20] to struct object_id continues. 122 123 * Simplify parse_pathspec() codepath and stop it from looking at the 124 default in-core index. 125 126 * Add perf-test for wildmatch. 127 128 * Code from "conversion using external process" codepath has been 129 extracted to a separate sub-process.[ch] module. 130 131 * When "git checkout", "git merge", etc. manipulates the in-core 132 index, various pieces of information in the index extensions are 133 discarded from the original state, as it is usually not the case 134 that they are kept up-to-date and in-sync with the operation on the 135 main index. The untracked cache extension is copied across these 136 operations now, which would speed up "git status" (as long as the 137 cache is properly invalidated). 138 139 * The internal implementation of "git grep" has seen some clean-up. 140 141 * Update the C style recommendation for notes for translators, as 142 recent versions of gettext tools can work with our style of 143 multi-line comments. 144 145 * The implementation of "ref" API around the "packed refs" have been 146 cleaned up, in preparation for further changes. 147 148 * The internal logic used in "git blame" has been libified to make it 149 easier to use by cgit. 150 151 * Our code often opens a path to an optional file, to work on its 152 contents when we can successfully open it. We can ignore a failure 153 to open if such an optional file does not exist, but we do want to 154 report a failure in opening for other reasons (e.g. we got an I/O 155 error, or the file is there, but we lack the permission to open). 156 157 The exact errors we need to ignore are ENOENT (obviously) and 158 ENOTDIR (less obvious). Instead of repeating comparison of errno 159 with these two constants, introduce a helper function to do so. 160 161 * We often try to open a file for reading whose existence is 162 optional, and silently ignore errors from open/fopen; report such 163 errors if they are not due to missing files. 164 165 * When an existing repository is used for t/perf testing, we first 166 create bit-for-bit copy of it, which may grab a transient state of 167 the repository and freeze it into the repository used for testing, 168 which then may cause Git operations to fail. Single out "the index 169 being locked" case and forcibly drop the lock from the copy. 170 171 * Three instances of the same helper function have been consolidated 172 to one. 173 174 * "fast-import" uses a default pack chain depth that is consistent 175 with other parts of the system. 176 177 * A new test to show the interaction between the pattern [^a-z] 178 (which matches '/') and a slash in a path has been added. The 179 pattern should not match the slash with "pathmatch", but should 180 with "wildmatch". 181 182 * The 'diff-highlight' program (in contrib/) has been restructured 183 for easier reuse by an external project 'diff-so-fancy'. 184 (merge 0c977dbc81 jk/diff-highlight-module later to maint). 185 186 * A common pattern to free a piece of memory and assign NULL to the 187 pointer that used to point at it has been replaced with a new 188 FREE_AND_NULL() macro. 189 190 191Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups. 192 193 194Fixes since v2.13 195----------------- 196 197Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.13 in the maintenance 198track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases' 199notes for details). 200 201 * "git gc" did not interact well with "git worktree"-managed 202 per-worktree refs. 203 204 * "git cherry-pick" and other uses of the sequencer machinery 205 mishandled a trailer block whose last line is an incomplete line. 206 This has been fixed so that an additional sign-off etc. are added 207 after completing the existing incomplete line. 208 209 * The codepath in "git am" that is used when running "git rebase" 210 leaked memory held for the log message of the commits being rebased. 211 212 * "git clone --config var=val" is a way to populate the 213 per-repository configuration file of the new repository, but it did 214 not work well when val is an empty string. This has been fixed. 215 216 * Setting "log.decorate=false" in the configuration file did not take 217 effect in v2.13, which has been corrected. 218 219 * A few codepaths in "checkout" and "am" working on an unborn branch 220 tried to access an uninitialized piece of memory. 221 222 * The Web interface to gmane news archive is long gone, even though 223 the articles are still accessible via NTTP. Replace the links with 224 ones to public-inbox.org. Because their message identification is 225 based on the actual message-id, it is likely that it will be easier 226 to migrate away from it if/when necessary. 227 228 * The receive-pack program now makes sure that the push certificate 229 records the same set of push options used for pushing. 230 231 * Tests have been updated to pass under GETTEXT_POISON (a mechanism 232 to ensure that output strings that should not be translated are 233 not translated by mistake), and TravisCI is told to run them. 234 235 * "git checkout --recurse-submodules" did not quite work with a 236 submodule that itself has submodules. 237 238 * "pack-objects" can stream a slice of an existing packfile out when 239 the pack bitmap can tell that the reachable objects are all needed 240 in the output, without inspecting individual objects. This 241 strategy however would not work well when "--local" and other 242 options are in use, and need to be disabled. 243 244 * Fix memory leaks pointed out by Coverity (and people). 245 246 * "git read-tree -m" (no tree-ish) gave a nonsense suggestion "use 247 --empty if you want to clear the index". With "-m", such a request 248 will still fail anyway, as you'd need to name at least one tree-ish 249 to be merged. 250 251 * Make sure our tests would pass when the sources are checked out 252 with "platform native" line ending convention by default on 253 Windows. Some "text" files out tests use and the test scripts 254 themselves that are meant to be run with /bin/sh, ought to be 255 checked out with eol=LF even on Windows. 256 257 * Introduce the BUG() macro to improve die("BUG: ..."). 258 259 * Clarify documentation for include.path and includeIf.<condition>.path 260 configuration variables. 261 262 * Git sometimes gives an advice in a rhetorical question that does 263 not require an answer, which can confuse new users and non native 264 speakers. Attempt to rephrase them. 265 266 * A few http:// links that are redirected to https:// in the 267 documentation have been updated to https:// links. 268 269 * "git for-each-ref --format=..." with %(HEAD) in the format used to 270 resolve the HEAD symref as many times as it had processed refs, 271 which was wasteful, and "git branch" shared the same problem. 272 273 * Regression fix to topic recently merged to 'master'. 274 275 * The shell completion script (in contrib/) learned "git stash" has 276 a new "push" subcommand. 277 278 * "git interpret-trailers", when used as GIT_EDITOR for "git commit 279 -v", looked for and appended to a trailer block at the very end, 280 i.e. at the end of the "diff" output. The command has been 281 corrected to pay attention to the cut-mark line "commit -v" adds to 282 the buffer---the real trailer block should appear just before it. 283 284 * A test allowed both "git push" and "git receive-pack" on the other 285 end write their traces into the same file. This is OK on platforms 286 that allows atomically appending to a file opened with O_APPEND, 287 but on other platforms led to a mangled output, causing 288 intermittent test failures. This has been fixed by disabling 289 traces from "receive-pack" in the test. 290 291 * Tag objects, which are not reachable from any ref, that point at 292 missing objects were mishandled by "git gc" and friends (they 293 should silently be ignored instead) 294 295 * "git describe --contains" penalized light-weight tags so much that 296 they were almost never considered. Instead, give them about the 297 same chance to be considered as an annotated tag that is the same 298 age as the underlying commit would. 299 (merge ef1e74065c jc/name-rev-lw-tag later to maint). 300 301 * The "run-command" API implementation has been made more robust 302 against dead-locking in a threaded environment. 303 304 * A recent update to t5545-push-options.sh started skipping all the 305 tests in the script when a web server testing is disabled or 306 unavailable, not just the ones that require a web server. Non HTTP 307 tests have been salvaged to always run in this script. 308 309 * "git send-email" now uses Net::SMTP::SSL, which is obsolete, only 310 when needed. Recent versions of Net::SMTP can do TLS natively. 311 312 * "foo\bar\baz" in "git fetch foo\bar\baz", even though there is no 313 slashes in it, cannot be a nickname for a remote on Windows, as 314 that is likely to be a pathname on a local filesystem. 315 316 * "git clean -d" used to clean directories that has ignored files, 317 even though the command should not lose ignored ones without "-x". 318 "git status --ignored" did not list ignored and untracked files 319 without "-uall". These have been corrected. 320 321 * The result from "git diff" that compares two blobs, e.g. "git diff 322 $commit1:$path $commit2:$path", used to be shown with the full 323 object name as given on the command line, but it is more natural to 324 use the $path in the output and use it to look up .gitattributes. 325 (merge 30d005c020 jk/diff-blob later to maint). 326 327 * The "collision detecting" SHA-1 implementation shipped with 2.13 328 was quite broken on some big-endian platforms and/or platforms that 329 do not like unaligned fetches. Update to the upstream code which 330 has already fixed these issues. 331 332 * "git am -h" triggered a BUG(). 333 334 * The interaction of "url.*.insteadOf" and custom URL scheme's 335 whitelisting is now documented better. 336 337 * The timestamp of the index file is now taken after the file is 338 closed, to help Windows, on which a stale timestamp is reported by 339 fstat() on a file that is opened for writing and data was written 340 but not yet closed. 341 342 * "git pull --rebase --autostash" didn't auto-stash when the local history 343 fast-forwards to the upstream. 344 345 * A flaky test has been corrected. 346 (merge 7c2115aa07 jk/pack-idx-corruption-safety later to maint). 347 348 * "git $cmd -h" for builtin commands calls the implementation of the 349 command (i.e. cmd_$cmd() function) without doing any repository 350 set-up, and the commands that expect RUN_SETUP is done by the Git 351 potty needs to be prepared to show the help text without barfing. 352 (merge d691551192 jk/consistent-h later to maint). 353 354 * Help contributors that visit us at GitHub. 355 (merge 0b1bb0c032 ls/github later to maint). 356 357 * "git stash push <pathspec>" did not work from a subdirectory at all. 358 Bugfix for a topic in v2.13 359 (merge 22fc703ec9 ps/stash-push-pathspec-fix later to maint). 360 361 * As there is no portable way to pass timezone information to 362 strftime, some output format from "git log" and friends are 363 impossible to produce. Teach our own strbuf_addftime to replace %z 364 and %Z with caller-supplied values to help working around this. 365 (merge 6eced3ec5e rs/strbuf-addftime-zZ later to maint). 366 367 * "git mergetool" learned to work around a wrapper MacOS X adds 368 around underlying meld. 369 (merge 0af85f84bd da/mergetools-meld-output-opt-on-macos later to maint). 370 371 * An example in documentation that does not work in multi worktree 372 configuration has been corrected. 373 (merge 773a88914f ah/doc-gitattributes-empty-index later to maint). 374 375 * The pretty-format specifiers like '%h', '%t', etc. had an 376 optimization that no longer works correctly. In preparation/hope 377 of getting it correctly implemented, first discard the optimization 378 that is broken. 379 (merge fe9e2aefd4 rs/pretty-add-again later to maint). 380 381 * The code to pick up and execute command alias definition from the 382 configuration used to switch to the top of the working tree and 383 then come back when the expanded alias was executed, which was 384 unnecessarilyl complex. Attempt to simplify the logic by using the 385 early-config mechanism that does not chdir around. 386 (merge a9bcf6586d js/alias-early-config later to maint). 387 388 * Fix configuration codepath to pay proper attention to commondir 389 that is used in multi-worktree situation, and isolate config API 390 into its own header file. 391 (merge dc8441fdb4 bw/config-h later to maint). 392 393 * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups. 394 (merge 8ba74bfd7c jc/diff-tree-stale-comment later to maint). 395 (merge 68602c01fd sb/submodule-rm-absorb later to maint). 396 (merge 68241cb9dd sb/t4005-modernize later to maint). 397 (merge ae52d57f0b km/test-mailinfo-b-failure later to maint). 398 (merge 8b1d9136e1 sg/revision-parser-skip-prefix later to maint). 399 (merge bb8efa1772 sd/t3200-branch-m-test later to maint). 400 (merge 8abc09c0e3 sg/doc-pretty-formats later to maint). 401 (merge 680b469e83 sn/reset-doc-typofix later to maint).