git-svnimport.perlon commit svn import: make -s option actually optional (2fa9204)
   1#!/usr/bin/perl -w
   2
   3# This tool is copyright (c) 2005, Matthias Urlichs.
   4# It is released under the Gnu Public License, version 2.
   5#
   6# The basic idea is to pull and analyze SVN changes.
   7#
   8# Checking out the files is done by a single long-running CVS connection
   9# / server process.
  10#
  11# The head revision is on branch "origin" by default.
  12# You can change that with the '-o' option.
  13
  14require v5.8.0; # for shell-safe open("-|",LIST)
  15use strict;
  16use warnings;
  17use Getopt::Std;
  18use File::Spec;
  19use File::Temp qw(tempfile);
  20use File::Path qw(mkpath);
  21use File::Basename qw(basename dirname);
  22use Time::Local;
  23use IO::Pipe;
  24use POSIX qw(strftime dup2);
  25use IPC::Open2;
  26use SVN::Core;
  27use SVN::Ra;
  28
  29die "Need CVN:Core 1.2.1 or better" if $SVN::Core::VERSION lt "1.2.1";
  30
  31$SIG{'PIPE'}="IGNORE";
  32$ENV{'TZ'}="UTC";
  33
  34our($opt_h,$opt_o,$opt_v,$opt_u,$opt_C,$opt_i,$opt_m,$opt_M,$opt_t,$opt_T,$opt_b,$opt_s,$opt_l);
  35
  36sub usage() {
  37        print STDERR <<END;
  38Usage: ${\basename $0}     # fetch/update GIT from CVS
  39       [-o branch-for-HEAD] [-h] [-v] [-l max_num_changes]
  40       [-C GIT_repository] [-t tagname] [-T trunkname] [-b branchname]
  41       [-i] [-u] [-s start_chg] [-m] [-M regex] [SVN_URL]
  42END
  43        exit(1);
  44}
  45
  46getopts("b:C:hil:mM:o:s:t:T:uv") or usage();
  47usage if $opt_h;
  48
  49my $tag_name = $opt_t || "tags";
  50my $trunk_name = $opt_T || "trunk";
  51my $branch_name = $opt_b || "branches";
  52
  53@ARGV <= 1 or usage();
  54
  55$opt_o ||= "origin";
  56$opt_s ||= 1;
  57$opt_l = 100 unless defined $opt_l;
  58my $git_tree = $opt_C;
  59$git_tree ||= ".";
  60
  61my $cvs_tree;
  62if ($#ARGV == 0) {
  63        $cvs_tree = $ARGV[0];
  64} elsif (-f 'CVS/Repository') {
  65        open my $f, '<', 'CVS/Repository' or 
  66            die 'Failed to open CVS/Repository';
  67        $cvs_tree = <$f>;
  68        chomp $cvs_tree;
  69        close $f;
  70} else {
  71        usage();
  72}
  73
  74our @mergerx = ();
  75if ($opt_m) {
  76        @mergerx = ( qr/\W(?:from|of|merge|merging|merged) (\w+)/i );
  77}
  78if ($opt_M) {
  79        push (@mergerx, qr/$opt_M/);
  80}
  81
  82select(STDERR); $|=1; select(STDOUT);
  83
  84
  85package SVNconn;
  86# Basic SVN connection.
  87# We're only interested in connecting and downloading, so ...
  88
  89use File::Spec;
  90use File::Temp qw(tempfile);
  91use POSIX qw(strftime dup2);
  92
  93sub new {
  94        my($what,$repo) = @_;
  95        $what=ref($what) if ref($what);
  96
  97        my $self = {};
  98        $self->{'buffer'} = "";
  99        bless($self,$what);
 100
 101        $repo =~ s#/+$##;
 102        $self->{'fullrep'} = $repo;
 103        $self->conn();
 104
 105        return $self;
 106}
 107
 108sub conn {
 109        my $self = shift;
 110        my $repo = $self->{'fullrep'};
 111        my $s = SVN::Ra->new($repo);
 112
 113        die "SVN connection to $repo: $!\n" unless defined $s;
 114        $self->{'svn'} = $s;
 115        $self->{'repo'} = $repo;
 116        $self->{'maxrev'} = $s->get_latest_revnum();
 117}
 118
 119sub file {
 120        my($self,$path,$rev) = @_;
 121        my $res;
 122
 123        my ($fh, $name) = tempfile('gitsvn.XXXXXX', 
 124                    DIR => File::Spec->tmpdir(), UNLINK => 1);
 125
 126        print "... $rev $path ...\n" if $opt_v;
 127        eval { $self->{'svn'}->get_file($path,$rev,$fh); };
 128        if ($@ and $@ !~ /Attempted to get checksum/) {
 129            # retry
 130            $self->conn();
 131                eval { $self->{'svn'}->get_file($path,$rev,$fh); };
 132        };
 133        return () if $@ and $@ !~ /Attempted to get checksum/;
 134        die $@ if $@;
 135        close ($fh);
 136
 137        return ($name, $res);
 138}
 139
 140
 141package main;
 142
 143my $svn = SVNconn->new($cvs_tree);
 144
 145
 146sub pdate($) {
 147        my($d) = @_;
 148        $d =~ m#(\d\d\d\d)-(\d\d)-(\d\d)T(\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)#
 149                or die "Unparseable date: $d\n";
 150        my $y=$1; $y-=1900 if $y>1900;
 151        return timegm($6||0,$5,$4,$3,$2-1,$y);
 152}
 153
 154sub getwd() {
 155        my $pwd = `pwd`;
 156        chomp $pwd;
 157        return $pwd;
 158}
 159
 160
 161sub get_headref($$) {
 162    my $name    = shift;
 163    my $git_dir = shift; 
 164    my $sha;
 165    
 166    if (open(C,"$git_dir/refs/heads/$name")) {
 167        chomp($sha = <C>);
 168        close(C);
 169        length($sha) == 40
 170            or die "Cannot get head id for $name ($sha): $!\n";
 171    }
 172    return $sha;
 173}
 174
 175
 176-d $git_tree
 177        or mkdir($git_tree,0777)
 178        or die "Could not create $git_tree: $!";
 179chdir($git_tree);
 180
 181my $orig_branch = "";
 182my $forward_master = 0;
 183my %branches;
 184
 185my $git_dir = $ENV{"GIT_DIR"} || ".git";
 186$git_dir = getwd()."/".$git_dir unless $git_dir =~ m#^/#;
 187$ENV{"GIT_DIR"} = $git_dir;
 188my $orig_git_index;
 189$orig_git_index = $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} if exists $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE};
 190my ($git_ih, $git_index) = tempfile('gitXXXXXX', SUFFIX => '.idx',
 191                                    DIR => File::Spec->tmpdir());
 192close ($git_ih);
 193$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $git_index;
 194my $maxnum = 0;
 195my $last_rev = "";
 196my $last_branch;
 197my $current_rev = $opt_s-1;
 198unless(-d $git_dir) {
 199        system("git-init-db");
 200        die "Cannot init the GIT db at $git_tree: $?\n" if $?;
 201        system("git-read-tree");
 202        die "Cannot init an empty tree: $?\n" if $?;
 203
 204        $last_branch = $opt_o;
 205        $orig_branch = "";
 206} else {
 207        -f "$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o"
 208                or die "Branch '$opt_o' does not exist.\n".
 209                       "Either use the correct '-o branch' option,\n".
 210                       "or import to a new repository.\n";
 211
 212        -f "$git_dir/svn2git"
 213                or die "'$git_dir/svn2git' does not exist.\n".
 214                       "You need that file for incremental imports.\n";
 215        $last_branch = basename(readlink("$git_dir/HEAD"));
 216        unless($last_branch) {
 217                warn "Cannot read the last branch name: $! -- assuming 'master'\n";
 218                $last_branch = "master";
 219        }
 220        $orig_branch = $last_branch;
 221        $last_rev = get_headref($orig_branch, $git_dir);
 222        if (-f "$git_dir/SVN2GIT_HEAD") {
 223                die <<EOM;
 224SVN2GIT_HEAD exists.
 225Make sure your working directory corresponds to HEAD and remove SVN2GIT_HEAD.
 226You may need to run
 227
 228    git-read-tree -m -u SVN2GIT_HEAD HEAD
 229EOM
 230        }
 231        system('cp', "$git_dir/HEAD", "$git_dir/SVN2GIT_HEAD");
 232
 233        $forward_master =
 234            $opt_o ne 'master' && -f "$git_dir/refs/heads/master" &&
 235            system('cmp', '-s', "$git_dir/refs/heads/master", 
 236                                "$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o") == 0;
 237
 238        # populate index
 239        system('git-read-tree', $last_rev);
 240        die "read-tree failed: $?\n" if $?;
 241
 242        # Get the last import timestamps
 243        open my $B,"<", "$git_dir/svn2git";
 244        while(<$B>) {
 245                chomp;
 246                my($num,$branch,$ref) = split;
 247                $branches{$branch}{$num} = $ref;
 248                $branches{$branch}{"LAST"} = $ref;
 249                $current_rev = $num if $current_rev < $num;
 250        }
 251        close($B);
 252}
 253-d $git_dir
 254        or die "Could not create git subdir ($git_dir).\n";
 255
 256open BRANCHES,">>", "$git_dir/svn2git";
 257
 258
 259## cvsps output:
 260#---------------------
 261#PatchSet 314
 262#Date: 1999/09/18 13:03:59
 263#Author: wkoch
 264#Branch: STABLE-BRANCH-1-0
 265#Ancestor branch: HEAD
 266#Tag: (none)
 267#Log:
 268#    See ChangeLog: Sat Sep 18 13:03:28 CEST 1999  Werner Koch
 269#Members:
 270#       README:1.57->1.57.2.1
 271#       VERSION:1.96->1.96.2.1
 272#
 273#---------------------
 274
 275my $state = 0;
 276
 277sub get_file($$$) {
 278        my($rev,$branch,$path) = @_;
 279
 280        # revert split_path(), below
 281        my $svnpath;
 282        $path = "" if $path eq "/"; # this should not happen, but ...
 283        if($branch eq "/") {
 284                $svnpath = "/$trunk_name/$path";
 285        } elsif($branch =~ m#^/#) {
 286                $svnpath = "/$tag_name$branch/$path";
 287        } else {
 288                $svnpath = "/$branch_name/$branch/$path";
 289        }
 290
 291        # now get it
 292        my ($name, $res) = eval { $svn->file($svnpath,$rev); };
 293        return () unless defined $name;
 294
 295        open my $F, '-|', "git-hash-object", "-w", $name
 296                or die "Cannot create object: $!\n";
 297        my $sha = <$F>;
 298        chomp $sha;
 299        close $F;
 300        unlink $name;
 301        my $mode = "0644"; # SV does not seem to store any file modes
 302        return [$mode, $sha, $path];
 303}
 304
 305sub split_path($$) {
 306        my($rev,$path) = @_;
 307        my $branch;
 308
 309        if($path =~ s#^/\Q$tag_name\E/([^/]+)/?##) {
 310                $branch = "/$1";
 311        } elsif($path =~ s#^/\Q$trunk_name\E/?##) {
 312                $branch = "/";
 313        } elsif($path =~ s#^/\Q$branch_name\E/([^/]+)/?##) {
 314                $branch = $1;
 315        } else {
 316                print STDERR "$rev: Unrecognized path: $path\n";
 317                return ()
 318        }
 319        $path = "/" if $path eq "";
 320        return ($branch,$path);
 321}
 322
 323sub commit {
 324        my($branch, $changed_paths, $revision, $author, $date, $message) = @_;
 325        my($author_name,$author_email,$dest);
 326        my(@old,@new);
 327
 328        if (not defined $author) {
 329                $author_name = $author_email = "unknown";
 330        } elsif ($author =~ /^(.*?)\s+<(.*)>$/) {
 331                ($author_name, $author_email) = ($1, $2);
 332        } else {
 333                $author =~ s/^<(.*)>$/$1/;
 334                $author_name = $author_email = $author;
 335        }
 336        $date = pdate($date);
 337
 338        my $tag;
 339        my $parent;
 340        if($branch eq "/") { # trunk
 341                $parent = $opt_o;
 342        } elsif($branch =~ m#^/(.+)#) { # tag
 343                $tag = 1;
 344                $parent = $1;
 345        } else { # "normal" branch
 346                # nothing to do
 347                $parent = $branch;
 348        }
 349        $dest = $parent;
 350
 351        my $prev = $changed_paths->{"/"};
 352        if($prev and $prev->[0] eq "A") {
 353                delete $changed_paths->{"/"};
 354                my $oldpath = $prev->[1];
 355                my $rev;
 356                if(defined $oldpath) {
 357                        my $p;
 358                        ($parent,$p) = split_path($revision,$oldpath);
 359                        if($parent eq "/") {
 360                                $parent = $opt_o;
 361                        } else {
 362                                $parent =~ s#^/##; # if it's a tag
 363                        }
 364                } else {
 365                        $parent = undef;
 366                }
 367        }
 368
 369        my $rev;
 370        if($revision > $opt_s and defined $parent) {
 371                open(H,"git-rev-parse --verify $parent |");
 372                $rev = <H>;
 373                close(H) or do {
 374                        print STDERR "$revision: cannot find commit '$parent'!\n";
 375                        return;
 376                };
 377                chop $rev;
 378                if(length($rev) != 40) {
 379                        print STDERR "$revision: cannot find commit '$parent'!\n";
 380                        return;
 381                }
 382                $rev = $branches{($parent eq $opt_o) ? "/" : $parent}{"LAST"};
 383                if($revision != $opt_s and not $rev) {
 384                        print STDERR "$revision: do not know ancestor for '$parent'!\n";
 385                        return;
 386                }
 387        } else {
 388                $rev = undef;
 389        }
 390
 391#       if($prev and $prev->[0] eq "A") {
 392#               if(not $tag) {
 393#                       unless(open(H,"> $git_dir/refs/heads/$branch")) {
 394#                               print STDERR "$revision: Could not create branch $branch: $!\n";
 395#                               $state=11;
 396#                               next;
 397#                       }
 398#                       print H "$rev\n"
 399#                               or die "Could not write branch $branch: $!";
 400#                       close(H)
 401#                               or die "Could not write branch $branch: $!";
 402#               }
 403#       }
 404        if(not defined $rev) {
 405                unlink($git_index);
 406        } elsif ($rev ne $last_rev) {
 407                print "Switching from $last_rev to $rev ($branch)\n" if $opt_v;
 408                system("git-read-tree", $rev);
 409                die "read-tree failed for $rev: $?\n" if $?;
 410                $last_rev = $rev;
 411        }
 412
 413        my $cid;
 414        if($tag and not %$changed_paths) {
 415                $cid = $rev;
 416        } else {
 417                while(my($path,$action) = each %$changed_paths) {
 418                        if ($action->[0] eq "A") {
 419                                my $f = get_file($revision,$branch,$path);
 420                                push(@new,$f) if $f;
 421                        } elsif ($action->[0] eq "D") {
 422                                push(@old,$path);
 423                        } elsif ($action->[0] eq "M") {
 424                                my $f = get_file($revision,$branch,$path);
 425                                push(@new,$f) if $f;
 426                        } elsif ($action->[0] eq "R") {
 427                                # refer to a file/tree in an earlier commit
 428                                push(@old,$path); # remove any old stuff
 429
 430                                # ... and add any new stuff
 431                                my($b,$p) = split_path($revision,$action->[1]);
 432                                open my $F,"-|","git-ls-tree","-r","-z", $branches{$b}{$action->[2]}, $p;
 433                                local $/ = '\0';
 434                                while(<$F>) {
 435                                        chomp;
 436                                        my($m,$p) = split(/\t/,$_,2);
 437                                        my($mode,$type,$sha1) = split(/ /,$m);
 438                                        next if $type ne "blob";
 439                                        push(@new,[$mode,$sha1,$p]);
 440                                }
 441                        } else {
 442                                die "$revision: unknown action '".$action->[0]."' for $path\n";
 443                        }
 444                }
 445
 446                if(@old) {
 447                        open my $F, "-|", "git-ls-files", "-z", @old or die $!;
 448                        @old = ();
 449                        local $/ = '\0';
 450                        while(<$F>) {
 451                                chomp;
 452                                push(@old,$_);
 453                        }
 454                        close($F);
 455
 456                        while(@old) {
 457                                my @o2;
 458                                if(@old > 55) {
 459                                        @o2 = splice(@old,0,50);
 460                                } else {
 461                                        @o2 = @old;
 462                                        @old = ();
 463                                }
 464                                system("git-update-index","--force-remove","--",@o2);
 465                                die "Cannot remove files: $?\n" if $?;
 466                        }
 467                }
 468                while(@new) {
 469                        my @n2;
 470                        if(@new > 12) {
 471                                @n2 = splice(@new,0,10);
 472                        } else {
 473                                @n2 = @new;
 474                                @new = ();
 475                        }
 476                        system("git-update-index","--add",
 477                                (map { ('--cacheinfo', @$_) } @n2));
 478                        die "Cannot add files: $?\n" if $?;
 479                }
 480
 481                my $pid = open(C,"-|");
 482                die "Cannot fork: $!" unless defined $pid;
 483                unless($pid) {
 484                        exec("git-write-tree");
 485                        die "Cannot exec git-write-tree: $!\n";
 486                }
 487                chomp(my $tree = <C>);
 488                length($tree) == 40
 489                        or die "Cannot get tree id ($tree): $!\n";
 490                close(C)
 491                        or die "Error running git-write-tree: $?\n";
 492                print "Tree ID $tree\n" if $opt_v;
 493
 494                my $pr = IO::Pipe->new() or die "Cannot open pipe: $!\n";
 495                my $pw = IO::Pipe->new() or die "Cannot open pipe: $!\n";
 496                $pid = fork();
 497                die "Fork: $!\n" unless defined $pid;
 498                unless($pid) {
 499                        $pr->writer();
 500                        $pw->reader();
 501                        open(OUT,">&STDOUT");
 502                        dup2($pw->fileno(),0);
 503                        dup2($pr->fileno(),1);
 504                        $pr->close();
 505                        $pw->close();
 506
 507                        my @par = ();
 508                        @par = ("-p",$rev) if defined $rev;
 509
 510                        # loose detection of merges
 511                        # based on the commit msg
 512                        foreach my $rx (@mergerx) {
 513                                if ($message =~ $rx) {
 514                                        my $mparent = $1;
 515                                        if ($mparent eq 'HEAD') { $mparent = $opt_o };
 516                                        if ( -e "$git_dir/refs/heads/$mparent") {
 517                                                $mparent = get_headref($mparent, $git_dir);
 518                                                push @par, '-p', $mparent;
 519                                                print OUT "Merge parent branch: $mparent\n" if $opt_v;
 520                                        }
 521                                } 
 522                        }
 523
 524                        exec("env",
 525                                "GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=$author_name",
 526                                "GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=$author_email",
 527                                "GIT_AUTHOR_DATE=".strftime("+0000 %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",gmtime($date)),
 528                                "GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=$author_name",
 529                                "GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=$author_email",
 530                                "GIT_COMMITTER_DATE=".strftime("+0000 %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",gmtime($date)),
 531                                "git-commit-tree", $tree,@par);
 532                        die "Cannot exec git-commit-tree: $!\n";
 533                }
 534                $pw->writer();
 535                $pr->reader();
 536
 537                $message =~ s/[\s\n]+\z//;
 538
 539                print $pw "$message\n"
 540                        or die "Error writing to git-commit-tree: $!\n";
 541                $pw->close();
 542
 543                print "Committed change $revision:$branch ".strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",gmtime($date)).")\n" if $opt_v;
 544                chomp($cid = <$pr>);
 545                length($cid) == 40
 546                        or die "Cannot get commit id ($cid): $!\n";
 547                print "Commit ID $cid\n" if $opt_v;
 548                $pr->close();
 549
 550                waitpid($pid,0);
 551                die "Error running git-commit-tree: $?\n" if $?;
 552        }
 553
 554        if(not defined $dest) {
 555                print "... no known parent\n" if $opt_v;
 556        } elsif(not $tag) {
 557                print "Writing to refs/heads/$dest\n" if $opt_v;
 558                open(C,">$git_dir/refs/heads/$dest") and 
 559                print C ("$cid\n") and
 560                close(C)
 561                        or die "Cannot write branch $dest for update: $!\n";
 562        }
 563
 564        if($tag) {
 565                my($in, $out) = ('','');
 566                $last_rev = "-" if %$changed_paths;
 567                # the tag was 'complex', i.e. did not refer to a "real" revision
 568                
 569                $dest =~ tr/_/\./ if $opt_u;
 570
 571                my $pid = open2($in, $out, 'git-mktag');
 572                print $out ("object $cid\n".
 573                    "type commit\n".
 574                    "tag $dest\n".
 575                    "tagger $author_name <$author_email>\n") and
 576                close($out)
 577                    or die "Cannot create tag object $dest: $!\n";
 578
 579                my $tagobj = <$in>;
 580                chomp $tagobj;
 581
 582                if ( !close($in) or waitpid($pid, 0) != $pid or
 583                                $? != 0 or $tagobj !~ /^[0123456789abcdef]{40}$/ ) {
 584                        die "Cannot create tag object $dest: $!\n";
 585                }
 586
 587                open(C,">$git_dir/refs/tags/$dest") and
 588                print C ("$tagobj\n") and
 589                close(C)
 590                        or die "Cannot create tag $branch: $!\n";
 591
 592                print "Created tag '$dest' on '$branch'\n" if $opt_v;
 593        }
 594        $branches{$branch}{"LAST"} = $cid;
 595        $branches{$branch}{$revision} = $cid;
 596        $last_rev = $cid;
 597        print BRANCHES "$revision $branch $cid\n";
 598        print "DONE: $revision $dest $cid\n" if $opt_v;
 599}
 600
 601my ($changed_paths, $revision, $author, $date, $message, $pool) = @_;
 602sub _commit_all {
 603        ($changed_paths, $revision, $author, $date, $message, $pool) = @_;
 604        my %p;
 605        while(my($path,$action) = each %$changed_paths) {
 606                $p{$path} = [ $action->action,$action->copyfrom_path, $action->copyfrom_rev ];
 607        }
 608        $changed_paths = \%p;
 609}
 610
 611sub commit_all {
 612        my %done;
 613        my @col;
 614        my $pref;
 615        my $branch;
 616
 617        while(my($path,$action) = each %$changed_paths) {
 618                ($branch,$path) = split_path($revision,$path);
 619                next if not defined $branch;
 620                $done{$branch}{$path} = $action;
 621        }
 622        while(($branch,$changed_paths) = each %done) {
 623                commit($branch, $changed_paths, $revision, $author, $date, $message);
 624        }
 625}
 626
 627while(++$current_rev <= $svn->{'maxrev'}) {
 628        $svn->{'svn'}->get_log("/",$current_rev,$current_rev,$current_rev,1,1,\&_commit_all,"");
 629        commit_all();
 630        if($opt_l and not --$opt_l) {
 631                print STDERR "Exiting due to a memory leak. Repeat, please.\n";
 632                last;
 633        }
 634}
 635
 636
 637unlink($git_index);
 638
 639if (defined $orig_git_index) {
 640        $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $orig_git_index;
 641} else {
 642        delete $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE};
 643}
 644
 645# Now switch back to the branch we were in before all of this happened
 646if($orig_branch) {
 647        print "DONE\n" if $opt_v and (not defined $opt_l or $opt_l > 0);
 648        system("cp","$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o","$git_dir/refs/heads/master")
 649                if $forward_master;
 650        unless ($opt_i) {
 651                system('git-read-tree', '-m', '-u', 'SVN2GIT_HEAD', 'HEAD');
 652                die "read-tree failed: $?\n" if $?;
 653        }
 654} else {
 655        $orig_branch = "master";
 656        print "DONE; creating $orig_branch branch\n" if $opt_v and (not defined $opt_l or $opt_l > 0);
 657        system("cp","$git_dir/refs/heads/$opt_o","$git_dir/refs/heads/master")
 658                unless -f "$git_dir/refs/heads/master";
 659        unlink("$git_dir/HEAD");
 660        symlink("refs/heads/$orig_branch","$git_dir/HEAD");
 661        unless ($opt_i) {
 662                system('git checkout');
 663                die "checkout failed: $?\n" if $?;
 664        }
 665}
 666unlink("$git_dir/SVN2GIT_HEAD");
 667close(BRANCHES);