Documentation / git-diff.txton commit Describe two-dot and three-dot notation for diff endpoints. (2b9232c)
   1git-diff(1)
   2===========
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-diff - Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11'git-diff' [<common diff options>] <commit>{0,2} [--] [<path>...]
  12
  13DESCRIPTION
  14-----------
  15Show changes between two trees, a tree and the working tree, a
  16tree and the index file, or the index file and the working tree.
  17
  18'git-diff' [--options] [--] [<path>...]::
  19
  20        This form is to view the changes you made relative to
  21        the index (staging area for the next commit).  In other
  22        words, the differences are what you _could_ tell git to
  23        further add to the index but you still haven't.  You can
  24        stage these changes by using gitlink:git-add[1].
  25+
  26If exactly two paths are given, and at least one is untracked,
  27compare the two files / directories. This behavior can be
  28forced by --no-index.
  29
  30'git-diff' [--options] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]::
  31
  32        This form is to view the changes you staged for the next
  33        commit relative to the named <commit>.  Typically you
  34        would want comparison with the latest commit, so if you
  35        do not give <commit>, it defaults to HEAD.
  36
  37'git-diff' [--options] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
  38
  39        This form is to view the changes you have in your
  40        working tree relative to the named <commit>.  You can
  41        use HEAD to compare it with the latest commit, or a
  42        branch name to compare with the tip of a different
  43        branch.
  44
  45'git-diff' [--options] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
  46
  47        This is to view the changes between two arbitrary
  48        <commit>.
  49
  50'git-diff' [--options] <commit>..<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
  51
  52        This is synonymous to the previous form.  If <commit> on
  53        one side is omitted, it will have the same effect as
  54        using HEAD instead.
  55
  56'git-diff' [--options] <commit>...<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
  57
  58        This form is to view the changes on the branch containing
  59        and up to the second <commit>, starting at a common ancestor
  60        of both <commit>.  "git-diff A...B" is equivalent to
  61        "git-diff $(git-merge-base A B) B".  You can omit any one
  62        of <commit>, which has the same effect as using HEAD instead.
  63
  64Just in case if you are doing something exotic, it should be
  65noted that all of the <commit> in the above description can be
  66any <tree-ish>.
  67
  68For a more complete list of ways to spell <commit>, see
  69"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in gitlink:git-rev-parse[1].
  70However, "diff" is about comparing two _endpoints_, not ranges,
  71and the range notations ("<commit>..<commit>" and
  72"<commit>...<commit>") do not mean a range as defined in the
  73"SPECIFYING RANGES" section in gitlink:git-rev-parse[1].
  74
  75OPTIONS
  76-------
  77include::diff-options.txt[]
  78
  79<path>...::
  80        The <paths> parameters, when given, are used to limit
  81        the diff to the named paths (you can give directory
  82        names and get diff for all files under them).
  83
  84
  85EXAMPLES
  86--------
  87
  88Various ways to check your working tree::
  89+
  90------------
  91$ git diff            <1>
  92$ git diff --cached   <2>
  93$ git diff HEAD       <3>
  94------------
  95+
  96<1> Changes in the working tree not yet staged for the next commit.
  97<2> Changes between the index and your last commit; what you
  98would be committing if you run "git commit" without "-a" option.
  99<3> Changes in the working tree since your last commit; what you
 100would be committing if you run "git commit -a"
 101
 102Comparing with arbitrary commits::
 103+
 104------------
 105$ git diff test            <1>
 106$ git diff HEAD -- ./test  <2>
 107$ git diff HEAD^ HEAD      <3>
 108------------
 109+
 110<1> Instead of using the tip of the current branch, compare with the
 111tip of "test" branch.
 112<2> Instead of comparing with the tip of "test" branch, compare with
 113the tip of the current branch, but limit the comparison to the
 114file "test".
 115<3> Compare the version before the last commit and the last commit.
 116
 117Comparing branches::
 118+
 119------------
 120$ git diff topic master    <1>
 121$ git diff topic..master   <2>
 122$ git diff topic...master  <3>
 123------------
 124+
 125<1> Changes between the tips of the topic and the master branches.
 126<2> Same as above.
 127<3> Changes that occured on the master branch since when the topic
 128branch was started off it.
 129
 130Limiting the diff output::
 131+
 132------------
 133$ git diff --diff-filter=MRC            <1>
 134$ git diff --name-status                <2>
 135$ git diff arch/i386 include/asm-i386   <3>
 136------------
 137+
 138<1> Show only modification, rename and copy, but not addition
 139nor deletion.
 140<2> Show only names and the nature of change, but not actual
 141diff output.
 142<3> Limit diff output to named subtrees.
 143
 144Munging the diff output::
 145+
 146------------
 147$ git diff --find-copies-harder -B -C  <1>
 148$ git diff -R                          <2>
 149------------
 150+
 151<1> Spend extra cycles to find renames, copies and complete
 152rewrites (very expensive).
 153<2> Output diff in reverse.
 154
 155
 156Author
 157------
 158Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 159
 160Documentation
 161--------------
 162Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 163
 164GIT
 165---
 166Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite